Storage ConditionsIn addition to well-closed containers and storage areas designated for this purpose, radiopharmaceuticals should be stored in well-ventilated areas. Stored materials should be stored in a manner that will reduce the maximum radiation dose rate to which a person is exposed to an acceptable level. Ionizing radiation protection should be done by national regulations. The contents o…
Showing posts with label T-BP104. Show all posts
Radio Isotopes and Study of Radio Isotopes- Sodium Iodide I131
RadioisotopeA radioisotope is an isotope of an element that is radioactive. Additionally, they can be defined as nuclei containing an excess of energy or atoms containing a dangerous combination of neutrons and protons. In other words, when neutrons and protons balance out in an isotope with an unstable nucleus, radiation is released. Conversely, energy and particles are removed by these isotopes…
Radiopharmaceuticals: Radio activity, Measurement of radioactivity, Properties of ฮฑ, ฮฒ, ฮณ radiations
RadiopharmaceuticalsPhotographic plates are impacted by radioactive particles or rays released by radioactive substances. There are 40 radioactive elements that can be grouped into three series: uranium, thorium, and actinium. Radiation and decomposition of the radioactive elements results in emissions of radiation. This makes them radioactive. Among the radiations that are emitted are as follows…
Astringents: Zinc Sulphate, Potash Alum
AstringentsAs well as shrinking and drying the tissues, the effects of an astringent are tissue contraction and shrinkage. Astringents can be categorized into the following groups based on how they act:
Epinephrine and cocaine are two drugs that narrow the small blood vessels and decrease blood supply.Alcohol and glycerol abstract water from the tissues.Those substances cause the superficial tissu…
Epinephrine and cocaine are two drugs that narrow the small blood vessels and decrease blood supply.Alcohol and glycerol abstract water from the tissues.Those substances cause the superficial tissu…
Poison and Antidote: Sodium thiosulphate, Activated charcoal, Sodium nitrite
PoisonAny chemical that is detrimental to your body is considered a poison. Besides swallowing, inhaling, and absorbing through the skin, it can also be injected. It is possible to be toxic if you consume too much of something. Any substance that poses a health risk to humans is considered poisonous. It is ingested, breathed, injected, or absorbed via the skin. It's possible that taking too m…
Half-life of Radiopharmaceutical Preparations
Half lifeRadiopharmaceutical preparations are characterized by their shelf-life (expiration date) by the physical half-life of the radioisotopes, their radiochemical stability, and the radio-nuclidic impurities they contain. Radiopharmaceutical preparations usually contain radioisotopes with very short half-lives, so the shelf-life of such preparations is very limited. Expiration dates and times …
Hematinics: Ferrous sulphate, Ferrous gluconate
HaematinicsAnemias are treated with these substances that are necessary for the formation of blood. They improve the health of the blood. Hematinic & a substance that increases the amount of hemoglobin in the blood by stimulating the production of red blood cells.
Various substances called haematinics are needed to ensure that the blood component erythrocytes are correctly formed. Folic acid, …
Various substances called haematinics are needed to ensure that the blood component erythrocytes are correctly formed. Folic acid, …
Emetics: Copper sulphate, Sodium potassium tartrate
EmeticsAnything that triggers nausea and vomiting is an emetic. As a result of swallowing certain toxins, emetics are sometimes used to treat poisoning. Even though it is now widely discouraged for this purpose, ipecac syrup remains the most commonly used drug. In addition to being available in a non-prescription form, it is also available as a Food and Drug Administration-approved prescription …
Expectorants: Potassium iodide, Ammonium chloride
Expectorant When someone has a cough that produces mucus, they can use an expectorant medication to relieve it. These types of coughs are called "productive" or "wet" by physicians and pharmacists. By thinning mucus in the nasal passageways, expectorants reduce the thickness of secretions. Expectorants loosen up mucus so that people can cough up phlegm and clear their throats …
Antimicrobials: Mechanism, Classification, Potassium permanganate, Boric acid, Hydrogen peroxide, Chlorinated lime, Iodine and its preparations
AntimicrobialsAn antimicrobial is a chemical that is added to a product to kill or inhibit microbes. Antibacterial and biocides are also called antimicrobials. Several antimicrobials need to be carefully screened, including halogenated aromatic compounds like triclosan and triclocarban, nanosilver, and quaternary ammonium salts like benzalkonium chloride.
MechanismAs bacteria develop resistance to…
MechanismAs bacteria develop resistance to…
Cathartics: Magnesium sulphate, Sodium orthophosphate, Kaolin and Bentonite
CatharticsDuring a catharsis, the bowels (intestines) are cleansed, purged, or evacuated. Cathartics or purgatives are agents that stimulate catharsis; they are more commonly known as laxatives (for instance, a cathartic used to relieve constipation). Defecation is accelerated with cathartic substances in medicine. The laxative effect occurs by softening the feces, which is similar to the effects…
Antacid: Ideal Properties of Antacids, Combinations of Antacids, Sodium Bicarbonate, Aluminum hydroxide gel, Magnesium hydroxide mixture
AntacidMedications called antacids counteract and neutralize the stomach's acid. They are thus useful for treating indigestion and heartburn. The medications can be purchased without a prescription at pharmacies and shops in a variety of forms, including liquids and chewable tablets.
Antacids help neutralize stomach acid and are available over-the-counter (OTC). Compared with H2 receptor bloc…
Antacids help neutralize stomach acid and are available over-the-counter (OTC). Compared with H2 receptor bloc…
Acidifiers: Ammonium chloride and Dil. HCl
AcidifiersInorganic chemicals that acidify the environment are known as acidifiers. Chemicals in these products increase the amount of gastric acid produced in the stomach when eaten, resulting in lower stomach pH. In addition to these types of acidifiers, there are three general kinds:
First, acidifiers for the stomach are used to control the stomach's pH.Second, urinary acidifiers maintain …
First, acidifiers for the stomach are used to control the stomach's pH.Second, urinary acidifiers maintain …
Desensitizing Agents, Calcium carbonate, Sodium fluoride, and Zinc eugenol cement
Desensitizing agentsDentine hypersensitivity is a terminology that has been used to describe a recurrent painful condition of the teeth for decades. Despite this, researchers seem to have a range of concerns involving dentine hypersensitivity. This might not be surprising, however, that one might still sympathize with Johnson and colleagues' assertion in 1987 that dentine hypersensitivity is …
Dentifrices, Role of Fluoride in the Treatment of Dental Caries
DentifricesChina and India used dentifrice as early as 500 BC, but modern toothpaste wasn't invented until the 1800s. An example of one of the earliest substances used during this period was alum. A toothpaste tube was invented by Dr. Washington Wentworth Sheffield in 1892. Fluoride toothpaste was the first clinically tested product in 1942 by Bibby. Dental paste is a substance that is used i…
Physiological Acid Base Balance
To maintain proper physiological function, the acid-base balance must be maintained. A pH scale is used to measure the acid-base balance in the body. Despite perturbations, the pH of the blood and bodily fluids can be maintained through a variety of buffering systems. By dilating the effect of excess acid or base on hydrogen ion concentration, buffers dampen the effect of excess acids and bases. …
