Dissociative anesthetics
Dissociative anaesthetics are a group of drugs that can produce a trance-like state, characterised by dissociation from reality. This state can be used to relieve pain and anxiety, or to facilitate surgery.The first dissociative anaesthetic, ketamine, was discovered in 1962. It is still in use today, and is often administered by paramedics to treat people who have overdosed on other drugs.
Another dissociative anaesthetic, phencyclidine (PCP), was developed in the 1970s. It is a potent drug that can cause hallucinations, and is therefore sometimes used as a recreational drug.
- Ketamine hydrochloride (ketalar) and phencyclidine hydrochloride (PCP, Sernyl) are dissociative anaesthetics. These agents block the N-methyl-D-aspartate in the brain by producing anaesthesia.
- Ketamine is a rapid-onset, short-duration agent used primarily for induction of anaesthesia.
- Therefore, it is used primarily for the maintenance of anaesthesia.Dissociative anaesthetics produce anaesthesia by blocking N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the brain.
- Dissociative anaesthetics are sometimes used in people who need to be sedated for a short period, such as during surgery.
- Dissociative anaesthetics are also sometimes used recreationally because they can produce hallucinations. However, dissociative anaesthetics are very dangerous when used outside of a medical setting because they can cause severe respiratory depression and death.
- Dissociative Anaesthetics should be operated only by the trained medical professionals in a sustained manner.
- If anyone have contacts with the people who have been taking this drug, they must call for help immediately.
- NMDA receptors are found in high concentrations in the hippocampus and cortex, important for learning and memory.
- However, dissociative anaesthetics are very dangerous when used outside of a medical setting because they can cause severe respiratory depression and death.
- These agents block the N-methyl-D-aspartate in the brain by producing anaesthesia.
Ketamine hydrochloride
It has a wide range of effects, including analgesia, anesthesia, and amnesia. Ketamine can also produce a feeling of detachment from the body and environment, which is why it is sometimes referred to as a "hallucinogenic anesthetic."Ketamine hydrochloride was first synthesized in 1962 by Dr. Calvin Stevens, a professor of medicinal chemistry at Wayne State University. It was originally designed as an anesthetic for humans, but due to its hallucinogenic properties, it was never approved for general use.
Therapeutic uses of Ketamine hydrochloride
Ketamine hydrochloride is a powerful anesthetic agent that has been used in humans and animals for many years. The drug produces anesthesia by blocking nerve impulses in the brain.In a study published in the journal Nature, researchers found that ketamine was more effective than a placebo in reducing symptoms of depression.
Ketamine can be administered intravenously or orally. It is important to note that ketamine should not be used recreationally, as it can cause serious side effects including hallucinations and dissociation. When used for therapeutic purposes, ketamine is typically given in low doses.
Effects of ketamine hydrochloride
Some of the more common effects include:- Dissociation from reality (feeling out of touch with reality or oneself)
- Hallucinations
- Anxiety or panic attacks
- Shortness of breath
- Nausea and vomiting
- Chest pain
- Rapid heart rate
- Seizures
Can Ketamine hydrochloride be used as a drug of abuse?
Ketamine hydrochloride is abused by some people for its hallucinogenic effects. Ketamine abuse can lead to addiction and other health problems.It can also be used to induce sedation and amnesia before certain medical procedures.
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