Purine
Synthesis
Traube synthesis - 4-Amino-6-hydroxypyrimidine or 4-diaminopyrimidine is first nitrosated at the 5-position, followed by nitrosation of nitro groups to amino groups using ammonium sulfide, followed by ring closure using formic acid or chlorocarbonic ester.
Caffeine synthesis -
Medicinal Uses
Antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor, antiviral, and anti-HIV activities of purine analogs have been reported. Some of the most popular medicines in the purine category include caffeine (a CNS stimulation drug), 6-mercaptopurine (an anti-cancer drug), and azithromycin. The antibiotic tubercidin (anticancer) contains an isostere of purine such as sildenafil (erectile dysfunction), allopurinol (anti-gout), and tubercidin (erectile dysfunction).
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