The effectiveness of any medicine depends upon its bioavailability. It indicates the ability of drug by which it can enter the blood stream and provide a therapeutic effect. Even the most active chemical must be bioavailable to effectively treat the condition for that it was given.
Showing posts with label Pharmacology. Show all posts
The Role of Pharmacies in Precision Medicine
Have you wondered how the same medicine is a good fit for different people with different genetic make-ups and lifestyles? It is not; our medication should be aligned with our individual needs and lifestyles to be optimally effective.
Bioavailability of Drugs
It is only possible to get the therapeutic effects of any drug when the drug can be absorbed by the body, so bioavailability is the key to making an enhancement that delivers proven benefits. Bioavailability of drugs indicates the percentage, amount or concentration of drug that reaches into the systemic circulation and is available at the site of action. When the drug is administered into the bo…
Transdermal Patches and Their Working
Having a powerful attitude, prolific mindset, and put under a magnifying glass test-and-adapt approach is the definitive way to stay firmly in front of any racing – and it’s a sure bet against becoming complacent. This dynamic mindset and out-of-the-box thinking made researchers develop something new, not the conventional one and this leads to the development of “Transdermal Patches.
Novel Drug Delivery System
Before we comprehend the idea of a Novel Drug Delivery System (NDDS), or before we gain some insight into what made researchers develop such a new, advanced and innovative drug delivery system i.e, NDDS, let us first understand the concept of “Drug delivery”. What is drug delivery? In simple terms, it can be understood as a method or a process of administering or delivering a pharmaceutical compo…
Mechanism of Drug Release from Oral Dosage Forms
Oral solid dosage has been a predominant form to provide Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) to a patient. The disintegration of the drug through oral dosage forms has been a cause of major bioavailability problems in the past. Therefore, the mechanism is carefully controlled in pharmaceutical products. Oral dosage usually refers to the category of drugs administered to the patient in the f…
Good Clinical Practice (GCP)
Good Clinical Practice and reports are related to clinical trials. The biggest ethical factor with clinical trials is the fact that the research is conducted on human subjects. GCP is an international standard concerning clinical trials and their proper implementation. GCP defines all aspects of clinical trials, starting with design and conduct, through performance, monitoring and auditing, to re…
Difference between Injection and Infusion
Both injection and infusion are medical terminologies. They are both ways of administering medicine to a patient and important in health and life-saving. The medicine is usually in liquid form. Many people are usually confused and do not know their differences.
Different Routes of Drug Administration
Routes of administration of a drug are determined by its physical and chemical properties, patient characteristics and the rapidity of response desired. Major routes are oral, parenteral and topical.
1. The oral route of administration is the safest, most economical and the most convenient way of giving medicines. The dosage forms of the oral route include Tablets, Capsules, Powders, Mixtures, Emu…
1. The oral route of administration is the safest, most economical and the most convenient way of giving medicines. The dosage forms of the oral route include Tablets, Capsules, Powders, Mixtures, Emu…
Different Types of Dosage Forms in Pharmaceuticals
A drug is defined as a substance used for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of disease. A dosage form of a drug is a product suited for administration to the patient by various routes for diagnosis or treatment of disease.
Suitable dosage forms are needed for protection of the drug from destructive influences of the atmospheric oxygen or moisture, for protection of drug from destruction from ga…
Suitable dosage forms are needed for protection of the drug from destructive influences of the atmospheric oxygen or moisture, for protection of drug from destruction from ga…
Differences between Syrups and Suspensions
Do you know that all pharmaceutical syrups are not manufactured equally? If you don’t, then don’t scratch your head. In fact, there is a subtle difference in these products that can cause ineffective use in clinical effects. Pharmaceutical syrup generally can be broken down into different categories i.e. suspensions, solutions, elixirs and emulsions.
Lubricant Concentration in Pharmaceutical Products
Lubricants are agents added in small quantities to tablet and capsule formulations to reduce the friction and improve certain processing characteristics.
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion of Drug
In order to achieve its effect, a drug must first be administered in a suitable dosage form at an appropriate site. It must be absorbed effectively from the site of administration and distributed in the body to reach its site of action. After its action, for the termination of its effect, the drug must be metabolized, and metabolites must be excreted from the body.
Principles and Mechanisms of Drug Action
Principles of Drug Action Drug action is the pharmaco-dynamic parameter in which the study of drug effects and their action is described. One drug alters or inhibits the action of another drug. Drugs don’t produce new functions to any cells/ tissues/organ they just alter the effect of the specific activity.
Enzyme Induction, Enzyme Inhibition and Kinetics of Elimination
Microsomal Enzymes: Microsomal enzymes are the enzymes that are located on the microtubules inside the cell, primarily in the liver, also in the kidney, intestines, and lungs. Cytochrome P450, UGTs, epoxide hydrolases, and mono-oxygenases, etc. are examples of microsomal enzymes. Microsomal enzymes are administered by drugs, diets and other agencies.
Pharmacokinetics of Drugs
Pharmacokinetics consists of two words; “pharmacon which means drug” and “kinetics which means movement”. The response of the body towards the drug or the movement of the drug inside the body is known as pharmacokinetics. It includes-
A- Absorption
D- Distribution
M- Metabolism
E- Excretion
A- Absorption
D- Distribution
M- Metabolism
E- Excretion
Nature and Source of Drugs
What is Drug?
The word DRUG educe from the French word “drogue” – which means “DRY HERB”. A drug is a substance that is obtained naturally or synthetically and used in medicine to treat, cure, diagnose and palliate from the disease.
The word DRUG educe from the French word “drogue” – which means “DRY HERB”. A drug is a substance that is obtained naturally or synthetically and used in medicine to treat, cure, diagnose and palliate from the disease.
Introduction to Pharmacology : Definition, Historical Landmarks and Scope of Pharmacology
Pharmacology consists of two words: “Pharmacon- which means drug” & “logy- which means to study something”. Hence, Pharmacology is defined as the science or study of drugs, their properties, their preparation, their uses, and their effects.
